Dementia and Its Potential Link to Itching
In a recent study conducted by the Chitofuna Dermatology Clinic in Tokyo, Japan, it was discovered that a significant number of individuals with dementia experience dry skin, which often leads to intense itching [1]. The study surveyed 185 Japanese patients with dementia, finding that 53.5% of them were scratching, while only 36.8% reported feeling itchy.
The connection between dementia and itching is complex, but understanding it allows for more effective care strategies. One of the primary reasons behind the itching associated with dementia is dry skin. As individuals with dementia age, their skin becomes more fragile and less able to retain moisture, leading to dryness [4]. This dryness can be exacerbated by reduced hydration, changes in skin elasticity, and impaired oil production [2].
The cognitive decline associated with dementia can also lead to individuals forgetting to moisturize or drink water, contributing to dry skin and itching. People with dementia, particularly Alzheimer's disease, may struggle to communicate their discomfort, making it crucial for caregivers to be vigilant in identifying the root of the issue [6].
The itching arises because dry skin loses its natural oils and skin barrier function, leading to irritation and inflammation that trigger itching sensations. Inflammatory skin conditions such as atopic dermatitis (eczema) can also contribute, especially if the immune system is overactive or the skin barrier is compromised [3].
Caregivers can help manage this discomfort by maintaining skin hydration. Regular application of a gentle, fragrance-free moisturizer can help combat dry skin and reduce itching. It is also essential to avoid irritants, using gentle, fragrance-free soaps and detergents, and avoiding long hot baths or showers which worsen dryness [5].
Monitoring for signs of eczema or skin infections, which can arise from scratching, is also crucial. Ensuring adequate nutrition, particularly sufficient vitamin D levels, is also important, as vitamin D helps skin health [4].
Establishing a routine for personal care, including moisturization, can provide a sense of predictability and comfort for individuals with dementia. Helping the person with dementia express discomfort and ensuring skin care routines are consistent can also minimize complications.
If the itching persists or worsens, seeking professional medical advice is crucial to rule out other potential issues [7]. By addressing dry skin proactively and sensitively, caregivers can reduce itching and improve comfort for people with dementia.
- The complex link between dementia and itching highlights the importance of mental health in health-and-wellness, as the cognitive decline associated with dementia can lead to individuals forgetting to take care of their skin.
- Science has shown that aging contributes to dry skin and skin fragility in individuals with dementia, which may lead to itching and discomfort.
- In the field of health-and-wellness, caregivers can help manage itching by adopting effective skin-care strategies, such as regularly applying gentle, fragrance-free moisturizers and avoiding skin irritants.
