Diagnostic Blood Tests for Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Examinations, Process, and Outcomes
Blood tests play a crucial role in diagnosing and monitoring non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), a type of cancer that affects the body's immune system. Here's what you need to know about blood tests and NHL.
During a blood test, a medical professional inserts a needle into a vein to draw blood. This procedure usually takes a few minutes and is performed in a laboratory or doctor's office. It's essential to remain seated after the test, as some people may feel lightheaded.
A typical blood panel for NHL includes a complete blood count (CBC), blood chemistry tests, and specific tests like lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) and C-reactive protein (CRP). A CBC measures the different components in the blood and can indicate various conditions such as anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, pancytopenia, lymphocytosis, or thrombocytosis.
High levels of CRP in the blood may indicate inflammation and can be a sign of lymphoma, but a high level does not necessarily mean a person has lymphoma. On the other hand, if a person has a lymphoma diagnosis, a doctor may check their LDH level to monitor the lymphoma and other conditions that can cause tissue damage.
If a person experiences signs of infection at the injection site, such as inflammation or fever, they should contact their doctor. Rarely, excessive bleeding can occur during blood tests, and people should inform their doctor if they use anticoagulant drugs or have an underlying condition that causes excessive bleeding.
Blood tests alone cannot diagnose NHL, but they can provide useful information for the diagnosis. If a doctor suspects NHL, they may also recommend a biopsy and imaging tests. Only a biopsy can confirm a lymphoma diagnosis, but blood tests can give clues that provide a fuller picture.
Liver panels or liver function tests might help diagnose advanced NHL by assessing low albumin levels to evaluate the functioning of the kidneys and liver. These tests are a type of blood test that checks the liver's health.
Blood chemistry tests can provide information about a person's general health and detect and measure levels of antibodies, proteins, and other chemical substances. Results from these tests can take several days, and results above or below the accepted ranges may indicate lymphoma or more advanced lymphoma.
Common symptoms of NHL include painless swelling of lymph nodes in the neck, armpits, or groin; fevers without a known cause; night sweats; unexplained weight loss; fatigue and weakness; and area-specific symptoms like abdominal pain, cough, or fullness depending on the disease location.
If these signs are present persistently, it is important to see a doctor for evaluation, as these symptoms can also arise from other conditions. If you are concerned about your symptoms or have any questions about blood tests, it's always best to consult with a health professional trained to interpret the results in the context of your wider medical history.
In summary, blood tests are a vital tool in the diagnosis and monitoring of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. They are generally safe, but any potential concerns should be discussed with a doctor beforehand. Always remember to consult with a healthcare professional for accurate information tailored to your specific situation.
