Measles not prevented by Vitamin A: Experts clarify its true functions
The United States is currently grappling with a significant measles outbreak, with over 1,000 cases confirmed across 30 states as of May 15, 2025. Regrettably, there have been three confirmed deaths due to the disease. Texas and New Mexico have been particularly affected, with the majority of the cases reported in these two states. Beyond these outbreaks, measles cases have been identified in various other states, including California, New York, and Maryland. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has cautioned travelers to exercise vigilance.
Measles, once well-controlled, has recently surged in the U.S., with two major outbreaks occurring in the last few decades - the Indiana outbreak of 2005 being one of them. Both events were fueled by undervaccination. Recently, Robert F. Kennedy Jr., the U.S. Health and Human Services secretary, expressed his belief in the potential benefits of vitamin A supplements, including cod liver oil, and medications such as budesonide and clarithromycin in treating measles.
Although the CDC acknowledges vitamin A as a potential treatment option for measles, the agency still emphasizes vaccination as the most effective preventative measure against the disease. Three medical and public health experts were consulted by Medical News Today to address common questions about vitamin A supplements for measles, and measures that people can take to prevent the disease's spread.
When questioned about the effectiveness of vitamin A in preventing or treating measles, all experts agreed that the supplement provides no such benefits as a preventive measure. However, they noted that the disease itself can exacerbate a deficiency in vitamin A, making symptoms more severe. Treatment with two oral doses of Vitamin A can be helpful in such cases.
Regarding budesonide and clarithromycin, there is no scientific evidence supporting their use as standard treatments for measles. Although some studies suggest no harm from steroid use in measles, their use cannot be considered standard practice. Clarithromycin, being an antibiotic, is reserved for treating confirmed bacterial infections only, not viral infections like measles.
The CDC advises that individuals with measles should isolate for four days when the rash appears and for an additional four days to prevent transmission. Vaccination is the only effective means of preventing measles. For those living in areas with active outbreaks, such as West Texas and New Mexico, it is crucial to get vaccinated, particularly if you have not been vaccinated before. If you have had only one dose or are unsure of your vaccination status, consult with your healthcare provider.
In resource-rich countries like the U.S., most people can meet their daily vitamin A requirements through their diets. However, certain populations, such as premature infants or those with health conditions affecting dietary absorption, may require supplementation. It is crucial to be mindful of vitamin A toxicity, as consuming high amounts can cause damage to the body, such as skin and bone fragility, liver damage, and other symptoms.
- Despite the potential benefits of vitamin A supplements like cod liver oil in treating measles, as suggested by Robert F. Kennedy Jr., the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) still advocates vaccination as the most effective preventative measure against the disease.
- Regarding treatment for measles, there is no scientific evidence supporting the use of medications like budesonide and clarithromycin. Although some studies suggest no harm from steroid use in measles, their use cannot be considered standard practice.
- If you live in areas with active measles outbreaks, such as West Texas and New Mexico, it is crucial to get vaccinated, particularly if you have not been vaccinated before. If you are unsure of your vaccination status, consult with your healthcare provider.
- In resource-rich countries like the U.S., most people can meet their daily vitamin A requirements through their diets. However, certain populations may require supplementation, and it is crucial to be mindful of vitamin A toxicity, as consuming high amounts can cause damage to the body. This damage can manifest as skin and bone fragility, liver damage, and other symptoms.
