Time required for a mammogram and determining its findings
In the realm of breast cancer detection, a significant advancement has been made with the introduction of 3D mammograms, also known as digital breast tomosynthesis. This innovative technology offers several advantages over traditional 2D mammograms, making it a valuable tool in the early detection of breast cancer.
Effectiveness (Cancer Detection):
One of the key benefits of 3D mammography is its enhanced ability to detect breast cancer. This improved effectiveness is due to the technology's ability to create thin layered images of the breast by sweeping the X-ray arm in an arc. This process reduces the problem of overlapping tissue that can hide tumors in 2D images, thereby allowing doctors to see beyond areas of density in people with dense breast tissue [1][4]. Studies confirm that 3D mammography detects more cancers overall, particularly helping with identifying small masses that might be obscured in 2D scans [1][4].
False Positives:
Another advantage of 3D mammograms is the reduction in false positives. The clearer separation of breast tissues and less tissue overlap in 3D images lead to fewer callbacks for additional testing. Research shows that 3D mammography can reduce false positives by approximately 15-30% compared to 2D mammography [2][4]. This helps reduce anxiety and unnecessary procedures for patients.
Other Considerations:
Both 2D and 3D mammograms require breast compression during the exam, but some patients report the experience feels smoother with 3D mammography [3]. Modern 3D mammography techniques, such as those using synthetic 2D images reconstructed from the 3D data (C-View), can provide these benefits with a radiation dose comparable to 2D mammography [1].
In summary, 3D mammograms are more effective at detecting breast cancer and lead to fewer false positives than 2D mammograms, making them a better screening option, particularly for women with dense breast tissue or those at higher risk [1][2][4].
The Mammogram Process:
A mammogram is a quick procedure that typically takes about 15 minutes. The process includes seven steps: changing into a hospital gown, positioning the breast on the machine, compressing the breast tissue, taking an X-ray image, repositioning the breast for a second image, checking the X-rays, and repeating the process for the second breast.
Following a Mammogram:
If a mammogram detects an abnormality, the individual will usually need to return for further testing. The PCP then mails the individual the results, which can take a few days. Most people receive their mammogram results within 2 weeks. If an individual does not receive their results within 2 weeks, they should follow up with a doctor.
References:
[1] American College of Radiology (2020). Tomosynthesis. Retrieved from https://www.acr.org/-/media/ACR/Files/Radiology-Resources/Public/Tomosynthesis-FAQ.pdf
[2] American Cancer Society (2020). Mammograms. Retrieved from https://www.cancer.org/cancer/breast-cancer/screening-tests-and-early-detection/mammograms.html
[3] Mayo Clinic (2020). Mammogram. Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/mammogram/about/pac-20394820
[4] National Cancer Institute (2020). Mammography. Retrieved from https://www.cancer.gov/types/breast/patient/mammography-fact-sheet
- The increased effectiveness of 3D mammography in detecting breast cancer is primarily due to its ability to create thin layered images, which reduces the problem of overlapping tissue that can hide tumors in 2D images, particularly in people with dense breast tissue.
- Research indicates that 3D mammography can reduce false positives by approximately 15-30% compared to 2D mammography, helping to reduce anxiety and unnecessary procedures for patients.
- In addition to being more effective and reduction of false positives, some patients report that the experience feels smoother with 3D mammography, and modern techniques using synthetic 2D images can provide these benefits with a radiation dose comparable to 2D mammography.
