Venlafaxine extended-release capsule: Potential adverse effects, suggested intake, and additional details

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What is the extended-release venlafaxine oral capsule?

Venlafaxine extended-release capsule: Potential adverse effects, suggested intake, and additional details

This medication is a prescription item, serving as an antidepressant for adults, primarily aimed at managing the following conditions:

  • Generalized anxiety disorder
  • Social anxiety disorder
  • Panic disorder, potentially accompanied by agoraphobia (fear of getting trapped or help being unavailable during a panic attack)
  • Major depressive disorder, commonly known as depression or clinical depression

Pharmacological Characteristics

Belonging to the class of antidepressants known as serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), venlafaxine is the main component of this extended-release oral capsule.

Description of Functionality

This extended-release formula ensures that the medication is dispensed slowly through the gastrointestinal tract, offering a steady flow of the drug as opposed to immediate-release drugs, which tend to release their medication at a quicker pace.

Regarding Dosage

The oral capsule administered once daily is available in the following strengths:

  • 37.5 milligrams (mg)
  • 75 mg
  • 150 mg

Note: Venlafaxine is also offered as immediate-release tablets and extended-release tablets. The focus here is solely on the extended-release oral capsule. If you have questions regarding the other formulations, consult your doctor or pharmacist.

Trade Names

Prescribed as a generic drug, venlafaxine's extended-release oral capsule is also marketed under the brand name Effexor XR.

Effectiveness & Comparison with Effexor XR

For in-depth information regarding the drug's efficiency, refer to the "Venlafaxine ER oral capsule uses" section in the original text.

As a generic, venlafaxine ER oral capsule is an identical match to the active drug in the brand-name medication Effexor XR. Considered safe and efficient, generics tend to be less expensive than their originals.

In the event that you prefer Effexor XR, discuss this with your doctor, as the dosage may vary based on your condition and insurance coverage.

Venlafaxine ER oral capsule side effects

The side effects of venlafaxine ER oral capsule may include mild or serious issues. Below is a compilation of potential side effects to be aware of while administering venlafaxine ER oral capsule. However, this list does not account for all possible side effects; consulting with your doctor or pharmacist is highly recommended.

  • Note: The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) keeps track of drug side effects. If you wish to report a side effect associated with venlafaxine ER oral capsule, contact the FDA via MedWatch.

Mild side effects

Mild side effects:

  • Fatigue
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Constipation
  • Dry mouth
  • Sweating
  • Loss of appetite
  • Blurred vision
  • Headache
  • Difficulty sleeping
  • Dizziness
  • Sexual problems, such as lowered libido, erectile dysfunction, and abnormal ejaculation

These side effects typically subside within a few days or a couple of weeks. If the symptoms worsen or persist, engage in a conversation with your doctor or pharmacist.

Severe side effects

Serious side effects associated with venlafaxine ER oral capsules are infrequent but may occur. Contact your doctor immediately if you encounter the following symptoms:

  • Severe side effects and their associated symptoms:

To explore how generics compare to brand-name drugs, visit this article.

  • Serotonin syndrome (a hazardous situation triggered by an excess of serotonin within your body). Symptoms might include:
    • rapid heartbeat
    • lightheadedness
    • sweating
    • warmth or reddening of the skin (temporary)
    • tremors or involuntary twitches
    • stiff muscles
    • loss of balance
    • nausea or vomiting
    • diarrhea
    • restlessness or agitation
    • visual or auditory hallucinations (perceiving non-existing things or sounds)
    • seizures
  • Bleeding more easily than usual. Symptoms might include:
    • nosebleeds
    • bruising easily
    • heavy menstrual bleeding
    • pinpoint red, brown, or purple spots on your skin
    • vomiting blood, which might look red, pink, or like coffee grounds
    • passing blood in stools, which might look red, black, or like tar
  • Closed-angle glaucoma (a sudden buildup of pressure within your eye). Symptoms might include:
    • seeing rainbow circles around lights
    • blurred vision
    • eye pain or redness
    • sudden severe headache
    • nausea
  • Hyponatremia (low sodium levels in your blood). Symptoms might include:
    • headache
    • confusion
    • difficulty concentrating
    • memory issues
    • feeling weak and unsteady, potentially leading to falls
  • Mania or hypomania. Symptoms might include:
    • serious sleep difficulties
    • overly high levels of joy, excitement, or activity
    • rapid thoughts
    • impulsive or risky behavior
    • talking faster than normal
  • Lung problems, such as interstitial lung disease or eosinophilic pneumonia (pneumonia linked to a high level of white blood cells known as eosinophils). Symptoms might include:
    • cough
    • shortness of breath
    • chest discomfort
  • Seizures. Symptoms might include:
    • uncontrollable muscle spasms (resembling jerky movements)
    • loss of consciousness
    • dizziness
  • Increased blood pressure, usually unnoticeable unless severe.
  • Elevated cholesterol or other fats called triglycerides in your blood, typically without symptoms.
  • Allergic reaction.
  • Suicidal thoughts or actions in young individuals.

Details on specific side effects

This drug might cause several side effects. Here are some details on certain ones.

Suicidal thoughts or actions in young people

Having depression or anxiety disorders, which venlafaxine treats, increases the risk of suicidal thoughts or actions. However, for certain individuals, taking antidepressants can increase these risks during the early stages of treatment.

Research shows that, in people younger than 25 years of age, antidepressants, including venlafaxine, can enhance the risk of suicidal thoughts and actions. These risks are higher during the first few months of treatment and after any dosage adjustments.

Venlafaxine ER oral capsules have a from the FDA about this side effect. A boxed warning alerts doctors and patients about potential harmful effects.

Suicidal thoughts and actions are uncommon in young people taking venlafaxine. However, it's crucial to be aware of potential signs and symptoms. These might include:

  • worsening depression or anxiety
  • restlessness or agitation
  • anger, aggression, or irritability
  • other sudden or unusual changes in your mood, thoughts, or behaviors
  • thoughts about death or harming yourself
  • attempting to harm yourself or commit suicide

Antidepressants don’t amplify the risk of suicidal thoughts and actions in older adults. Research has shown that antidepressants can reduce the risk of suicidal thoughts or actions in adults ages 25 and older.

What you can do

You should be aware that venlafaxine may not start to improve your condition for at least 2 to 4 weeks after you begin taking it. Even after this time, it's still possible for your condition to worsen and for you to develop suicidal thoughts or actions.

If you notice any of the symptoms listed above while taking venlafaxine, talk to your doctor right away. Caregivers of young people taking venlafaxine should also monitor for these symptoms and speak with the young person's doctor if there are concerns.

If your doctor thinks venlafaxine may be exacerbating your condition, they'll likely recommend switching you to a different antidepressant. However, it's essential to only do this if recommended by your doctor and they monitor your progress.

Do not adjust your dosage or stop taking venlafaxine without speaking with your doctor first. If you suddenly stop taking venlafaxine, it could cause withdrawal symptoms. For more information, see "Venlafaxine ER oral capsule withdrawal and dependence" below.

Reach out to the 988 Lifeline at 988 or visit 988lifeline.org for 24/7 care from empathetic counselors who offer free and confidential support. Alternatively, text HOME to 741741 to link up with a volunteer crisis counselor through the Crisis Text Line, also available around the clock for free and confidential assistance. If you're not based in the United States, explore options via Befrienders Worldwide to find a helpline in your country. In case of emergency and feeling safe to do so, dial 911 or your local emergency services number.

Accompany them until help arrives and assist in the safe removal of any weapons or harmful substances, if possible.

If you're not residing in the same household, maintain contact with them until help arrives.

Sexual effects

While using venlafaxine ER oral tablets, you might encounter sexual side effects. Sexual side effects are frequently reported with this medication.

Examples of sexual side effects reported with venlafaxine include:

  • decreased libido in both males and females
  • difficulty reaching climax in both males and females
  • erectile dysfunction (difficulty achieving or maintaining an erection) in males
  • abnormal ejaculation in males

Sexual issues are prevalent in individuals with depression or anxiety disorders, for which venlafaxine is used to treat. They're also common with various other antidepressants besides venlafaxine.

What you can do

If you encounter sexual problems while taking venlafaxine, communicate with your doctor. These concerns can be uncomfortable for many individuals. However, your doctor has likely dealt with such issues numerous times before. They may suggest switching you to a different antidepressant type or provide other suggestions to address the side effects.

Do not abruptly stop taking venlafaxine ER oral capsules if you experience sexual side effects. Sudden discontinuation could lead to withdrawal symptoms. (See “Venlafaxine ER oral capsule withdrawal and dependence” for more information regarding this.) Instead, inform your doctor of any concerns related to this medication.

Allergic reaction

As with most drugs, some people can develop an allergic reaction to venlafaxine ER oral capsules.

Mild allergic reaction symptoms can include:

  • skin rash
  • itching
  • flushing (temporary warmth, redness, or deepening of skin color)

A more severe allergic reaction is rare but possible. Symptoms of a severe allergic reaction can include:

  • swelling under your skin, primarily in your eyelids, lips, hands, or feet
  • swelling of your tongue, mouth, or throat
  • difficulty breathing

Contact your doctor if you have an allergic reaction to venlafaxine ER oral capsules, as the reaction could worsen. Seek emergency assistance by calling 911 or your local emergency number if your symptoms feel life-threatening or if you believe you're experiencing a medical emergency.

Venlafaxine ER oral capsule dosage

Your doctor will customize the venlafaxine ER oral capsule dosage based on several factors, including:

  • the severity and type of condition you're treating
  • your liver and kidney function
  • any other medical conditions you might have

Initially, your doctor will likely prescribe a low dosage. They'll then gradually adjust it to find the right dosage for you. The goal is to prescribe the smallest effective dosage.

The following information outlines common dosages: However, always adhere to the dose prescribed by your doctor. They'll determine the best dosage for your needs.

Drug strengths

Venlafaxine ER oral capsules are taken orally. They're available in three strengths:

  • 37.5 milligrams (mg)
  • 75 mg
  • 150 mg

Venlafaxine ER oral capsules are an extended-release form of venlafaxine. Extended-release medication slowly releases its contents as it passes through the digestive system, unlike immediate-release medication that releases its contents more quickly.

Dosage for generalized anxiety disorder

The typical starting dosage for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) using venlafaxine ER oral capsules is 75 mg once daily. In some cases, your doctor may begin treatment with 37.5 mg once daily, for 4 to 7 days. Following this, your doctor will increase your dosage to 75 mg once daily. Gradually increasing your dosage in this manner allows your body to adjust to the medication more easily. If needed, your doctor may gradually increase your dosage until you've reached the right dosage for you.

The maximum recommended dose for GAD is 225 mg once daily.

Dosage for social anxiety disorder

The typical dosage of venlafaxine ER oral capsules for social anxiety disorder is 75 mg once daily. This is the maximum recommended dosage for social anxiety disorder.

Dosage for panic disorder

The starting dosage for panic disorder using venlafaxine ER oral capsules is 37.5 mg once daily. You'll take this starting dose for 7 days. Afterwards, your doctor will increase your dosage to 75 mg once daily. If necessary, your doctor may gradually increase your dosage until you've reached the right dosage for you. Gradually increasing your dosage in this manner can help your body adapt to the medication more easily.

The suggested maximum dose for managing panic disorder is 225 mg administered once daily.

Prescriptions for melancholy

The recommended initial dosage for extended-release venlafaxine oral capsules in treating melancholy is 75 mg given daily.

At times, your healthcare provider might instruct you to begin therapy with 37.5 mg administered daily, for a period of 4 to 7 days. Subsequent to this, your dosage will be increased to 75 mg administered daily.

Gradually rising the dosage in this manner can facilitate your body's adaptation to the medication.

Should your condition fail to improve after taking 75 mg daily for at least 2 weeks, you may require a higher daily dosage. Your doctor might subsequently increase your dosage gradually until you've reached the optimal dosage for you.

The suggested maximum dose for melancholy is 225 mg administered once daily. In certain cases, daily doses exceeding 300 mg might be necessary. However, this dosage would be considered an unauthorized use of the medication. (Unauthorized drug use refers to using a drug for a purpose not approved by the regulatory agency.)

What if I miss a dosage?

If you overlook a dose of venlafaxine ER oral capsules, take the missed dose as soon as possible. Nonetheless, if it's almost time for your subsequent scheduled dose, forego the missed dose. Then, just take your subsequent dose as scheduled. Do not take an additional dose to account for missed doses.

To prevent missing a dose, consider utilizing a medication reminder. This may involve setting an alarm or timer on your phone or downloading a reminder application. A kitchen timer can work equally well.

Will I need to take this medication long term?

If, in collaboration with your doctor, you determine that venlafaxine ER oral capsules are safe and beneficial for your condition, you're likely to continue administering the drug for an extended period.

The duration of treatment varies based on the ailment being managed and its responsiveness to the medication.

Below are some general timeframes for treatment with venlafaxine:

  • For depression, guidelines suggest that you maintain taking venlafaxine for 4 to 9 months after your depression symptoms fade away. Doing so reduces the risk of your depression recurring. If you've experienced multiple episodes of depression, the condition is more likely to recur if you cease using an antidepressant, such as venlafaxine. In such instances, your doctor will probably advise prolonged treatment with venlafaxine.
  • For generalized anxiety disorder, guidelines suggest that you continue taking venlafaxine for at least 1 year after your condition improves. This reduces the risk of your anxiety recurring.
  • For panic disorder, guidelines suggest that you continue taking venlafaxine for at least 1 year after your condition improves. This reduces the risk of your panic attacks recurring.
  • For social anxiety disorder, guidelines do not specify a recommended length of treatment. Consult your doctor regarding the appropriate length of treatment for this condition.

Withdrawal and Dependence with Venlafaxine ER oral capsules

Venlafaxine ER oral capsules can result in drug dependence. With drug dependence, your body grows reliant on the effect of a drug to function properly. When your body is dependent on a drug, you may experience withdrawal symptoms if you abruptly stop taking the drug.

It's essential to note that drug dependence isn't the same as drug addiction. With addiction, you find it challenging to stop using a drug, even though it might be causing you harm.

You're more likely to encounter withdrawal symptoms upon stopping venlafaxine if you've been taking it for an extended period or at a high dose.

Potential withdrawal symptoms

Examples of withdrawal symptoms that may occur if you abruptly stop taking venlafaxine include:

  • headache
  • feeling numbness or electric shock sensations
  • dizziness
  • difficulty in coordination or balance
  • nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea
  • irritability and agitation
  • feeling uneasy or confused
  • anxiety
  • mood swings
  • trouble sleeping or nightmares
  • loss of appetite
  • trembling or twitching

To avoid withdrawal symptoms, you should not abruptly stop taking venlafaxine ER oral capsules. If you and your doctor agree that you should cease using this medication, you'll need to do so gradually. Your doctor will progressively decrease your daily dose, typically over several weeks. This allows your body to adapt to the absence of the medication.

If you encounter withdrawal symptoms while discontinuing venlafaxine, communicate with your doctor. You can generally obtain relief from withdrawal symptoms if your doctor increases your daily dose back to a level at which you did not experience withdrawal symptoms. After that, your doctor can decrease your dosage more gradually to prevent withdrawal symptoms from occurring again.

Different interactions can lead to varying outcomes. For instance, certain interactions might affect how effectively a drug functions. Other interactions might amplify side effects or make them more severe.

Venlafaxine ER oral capsule and other medications

Below you'll find a list of medications that can interact with venlafaxine ER oral capsules. It's important to note that this list doesn't include all drugs that might interact with venlafaxine ER oral capsules.

Before starting venlafaxine ER oral capsules, it's crucial to discuss with your doctor and pharmacist about all prescribed, over-the-counter, and any other medications you take. Don't forget to mention any vitamins, herbs, and supplements you use as well. This information can help you avoid potential interactions.

If you've got any concerns about drug interactions that may affect you, don't hesitate to ask your doctor or pharmacist.

Medications that should not be taken with venlafaxine ER oral capsules

Here are medications you should avoid taking with venlafaxine ER oral capsules:

  • Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). Consuming venlafaxine together with MAOIs can result in a serious side effect known as serotonin syndrome. (This is a dangerous condition which occurs due to an accumulation of serotonin in your body.) MAOIs you should avoid taking with venlafaxine include:
    • linezolid (Zyvox), an antibiotic
    • methylene blue (Provayblue), a blood disorder treatment
    • antidepressants,* such as:
      • phenelzine (Nardil)
      • isocarboxazid (Marplan)
      • tranylcypromine (Parnate)
      • selegiline (Emsam)

Other medications that interact with venlafaxine ER oral capsules

Beyond those mentioned above, other medications may also interact with venlafaxine ER oral capsules. These include:

  • Serotonergic drugs. These drugs can raise the level of serotonin in your brain. Using venlafaxine in conjunction with serotonergic drugs can increase the risk of serotonin syndrome. Examples of serotonergic drugs include:
    • selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants, such as paroxetine (Paxil), sertraline (Zoloft), and citalopram (Celexa)
    • serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) antidepressants, other than venlafaxine, such as duloxetine (Cymbalta) and desvenlafaxine (Pristiq)
    • tricyclic antidepressants, such as amitriptyline, desipramine (Norpramin), and imipramine (Tofranil)
    • lithium (Lithobid), which treats bipolar disorder and depression
    • buspirone, which treats anxiety
    • triptan medications, which treat migraine, such as almotriptan, eletriptan (Relpax), frovatriptan (Frova), naratriptan (Amerge), rizatriptan (Maxalt), sumatriptan (Imitrex), and zolmitriptan (Zomig)
    • certain pain medications, such as tramadol (ConZip, Ultram) and fentanyl (Duragesic, Subsys, Actiq, others)
    • amphetamine drugs, such as amphetamine (Evekeo, Adzenys, Dyanavel), amphetamine and dextroamphetamine (Adderall, Mydayis), dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine), methamphetamine (Desoxyn), and lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse)
  • Anticoagulants. Anticoagulants (blood thinners) are used to treat and prevent blood clots. Taking venlafaxine with anticoagulants can increase the risk of bleeding. Examples of these drugs include:
    • apixaban (Eliquis)
    • dabigatran (Pradaxa)
    • edoxaban (Savaysa)
    • rivaroxaban (Xarelto)
    • warfarin (Coumadin)
  • Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). NSAIDs reduce inflammation and pain. Using venlafaxine with NSAIDs can increase the risk of bleeding. Examples of these drugs include:
    • aspirin
    • ibuprofen (Advil, Ibu-tab, Motrin)
    • ketoprofen
    • diclofenac (Zorvolex, Zipsor)
    • naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn)

There aren't any foods reported to interfere with venlafaxine ER oral capsules. If you have any concerns about consuming specific foods while on venlafaxine, consult your physician.

Venlafaxine ER oral capsule and drug tests

Venlafaxine may cause false-positive results on urine drug screens for phencyclidine (PCP) and amphetamines, including methamphetamine.

This means that while taking venlafaxine, your urine may test positive for PCP or amphetamines even if you haven't consumed these substances. Similarly, your urine may still test positive for these substances for several days after ceasing venlafaxine usage.

If a drug test is necessary while on venlafaxine ER oral capsules, inform the test administrator about your medication. They'll utilize this information when interpreting your test results.

If you have a positive result for PCP or amphetamines on a urine test, alternate testing methods can be employed to rule out drug usage.

Common queries about venlafaxine ER oral capsule

Below are answers to frequently asked questions about venlafaxine ER oral capsule.

Does venlafaxine lead to weight gain or weight loss?

Weight gain or loss wasn't reported in individuals who took venlafaxine during clinical trials. However, adults who participated in these trials frequently reported a loss of appetite. This could result in weight loss over time.

Depression and anxiety disorders, conditions venlafaxine is used to treat, often lead to changes in appetite and eating habits. In turn, both can result in either weight gain or weight loss.

If you are concerned about weight gain or loss while on venlafaxine, consult your doctor. They can suggest strategies to help you maintain a healthy weight.

Is venlafaxine used for hot flashes, migraines, or ADHD?

Yes, venlafaxine is sometimes used for hot flashes, migraines, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, these are considered off-label uses for the drug.

Off-label drug use refers to utilizing a drug for a purpose beyond those that have been approved. Doctors may prescribe a drug for off-label use if there's evidence that the drug can be effective for that use.

In females, venlafaxine is used off-label to manage hot flashes due to menopause or the use of certain breast cancer treatments. In males, it's also used off-label to manage hot flashes due to specific prostate cancer treatments.

Venlafaxine is occasionally used off-label to help individuals who experience frequent migraines.

The drug is sometimes used off-label to treat ADHD in adults.

If you're interested in using venlafaxine for off-label purposes, consult your doctor.

How do you safely discontinue venlafaxine?

If you and your doctor agree that you should stop taking venlafaxine, a gradual taper off the medication is necessary. Abruptly stopping it may result in withdrawal symptoms.

When it's time to cease venlafaxine usage, your doctor will gradually decrease your dose, usually over several weeks. This allows your body to adjust to the absence of the medication, minimizing withdrawal symptoms.

To learn more about discontinuing venlafaxine, see the “Venlafaxine ER oral capsule withdrawal and dependence” section above.

What is venlafaxine's classification? Is it an SSRI?

No, venlafaxine is not a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI).

SSRIs are a class of antidepressants. (A class of drugs is a group of medications that work in a similar manner.) They work by increasing levels of a chemical in your brain called serotonin.

Venlafaxine, however, belongs to a class of antidepressants known as serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). SNRIs work by increasing levels of two chemicals in your brain: serotonin and norepinephrine.

Will venlafaxine induce a 'high'?

No, that's unlikely.

Taking venlafaxine to treat a mental health condition, at the prescribed dose by your doctor, won't make you feel high. However, it also won't make you feel instantly happy or calm instantly.

The drug works over an extended period to help balance chemicals in your brain. Over time, this helps you return to feeling like yourself again.

Will monitoring or screening be required while taking venlafaxine?

Yes, it might be. Your doctor may screen you for certain conditions before prescribing venlafaxine for you. And they may monitor you for specific side effects while you're taking the drug.

For example, if you have depression, your doctor may screen you for bipolar disorder before prescribing venlafaxine. Sometimes, an episode of depression is the first symptom of bipolar disorder. But if venlafaxine is used to treat depression in someone with bipolar disorder, it could trigger mania.

So, your doctor will want to be reasonably sure that you don't have bipolar disorder before they prescribe venlafaxine to treat your depression. Your doctor will discuss any past mental health conditions you or your close family members have experienced.

When you're on venlafaxine medication, your doctor might periodically check your blood pressure. This is usually done after starting the treatment and after any dose adjustments. Additionally, you might need occasional blood tests to monitor your cholesterol levels. This is because venlafaxine can have an impact on both your blood pressure and cholesterol levels.

For more information about potential side effects of venlafaxine, check out the "Venlafaxine ER oral capsule side effects" section above.

Should I be worried if I notice particles in my stool while taking venlafaxine ER oral capsule?

There's no need to fret if you spot particles in your stool while using venlafaxine ER oral capsule. These particles don't contain any active medication.

Venlafaxine ER oral capsules are a type of extended-release medication. Unlike immediate-release drugs, which dispense their medication rapidly, extended-release drugs gradually release their active components in your body over a longer period.

Venlafaxine ER oral capsules contain pellets coated with a special substance. This substance releases the medication slowly throughout the day as the pellets pass through your digestive system.

Although the pellets may not completely dissolve, they've already released and absorbed all the medication into your body by the time they leave as stool.

Venlafaxine ER oral capsule uses

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) authorizes prescription drugs, such as venlafaxine ER oral capsules, for specific conditions. However, these medications may also be used "off-label" for other conditions. Off-label drug use involves utilizing a drug for purposes beyond its FDA-approved indications.

Venlafaxine ER oral capsule for generalized anxiety disorder

Venlafaxine ER oral capsules are FDA-approved to help manage generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in adults.

GAD is a common and serious mental health issue. It can severely impact your daily life, leading to excessive and relentless worries, fears, or concerns about everyday situations.

Symptoms of GAD may include:

  • persistent and uncontrollable worries or fears
  • intrusive thoughts
  • trouble focusing or sleeping
  • feeling restless, irritable, or on edge
  • fatigue (lack of energy)
  • tensed muscles
  • heart palpitations
  • sweating
  • nausea or diarrhea

Efficacy for generalized anxiety disorder

Venlafaxine ER oral capsules have demonstrated effectiveness in treating GAD. They're considered a preferred initial treatment option for GAD according to American Academy of Family Physicians guidelines.

To learn more about venlafaxine ER oral capsules' performance in clinical trials, review the drug's prescribing information.

Venlafaxine ER oral capsule for social anxiety disorder

Venlafaxine ER oral capsules are FDA-approved to treat social anxiety disorder (SAD) in adults.

SAD, also known as social phobia, is characterized by excessive fears and worries about social situations or performing in front of others. These feelings can cause you to avoid such situations or people, significantly impacting your daily life and relationships.

Symptoms of SAD may include:

  • intense fear of being judged or embarrassed by others
  • panic attacks, which might present as:
    • rapid or racing heartbeat
    • shaking or trembling
    • sweating
    • nausea
    • difficulty breathing
    • chest pain
    • dizziness or fainting

Efficacy for social anxiety disorder

Venlafaxine ER oral capsules are an effective treatment for SAD. They're recommended as a preferred initial treatment option for SAD according to Anxiety & Depression Association of America guidelines.

To learn more about venlafaxine ER oral capsules' performance in clinical trials, review the drug's prescribing information.

Venlafaxine ER oral capsule for panic disorder

Venlafaxine ER oral capsules are FDA-approved to treat panic disorder, including with or without agoraphobia, in adults.

Panic disorder is a common and serious mental health condition that can have a significant impact on your daily life. It involves recurring unexpected panic attacks, and fear of having a future panic attack can cause you to avoid certain places or situations, potentially leading to agoraphobia.

Symptoms of panic attacks can include:

  • sudden feelings of intense fear
  • trembling or shaking
  • dizziness
  • nausea
  • sweating
  • fast or racing heartbeat
  • difficulty breathing
  • chest pain

Efficacy for panic disorder

Venlafaxine ER oral capsules are an effective treatment for panic disorder. They're considered a preferred initial treatment option for panic disorder according to American Academy of Family Physicians guidelines.

To learn more about venlafaxine ER oral capsules' performance in clinical trials, review the drug's prescribing information.

Venlafaxine ER oral capsule for depression

Venlafaxine ER oral capsules are FDA-approved to treat major depressive disorder (MDD) in adults.

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is commonly referred to as either depression or clinical depression. It's a common and serious mental health condition that can significantly impact your daily life. This condition can occur without any apparent reason or it might be triggered by certain life events such as losing someone close to you.

Symptoms of depression may include:

  • Prolonged feelings of intense sadness, melancholy, or hopelessness
  • Lack of interest or pleasure in activities once enjoyed
  • Difficulty concentrating or sleeping
  • Feeling anxious or irritable
  • Severe fatigue (lack of energy)
  • Changes in appetite

Effectiveness for Depression

Venlafaxine Extended-Release (ER) oral capsules are an effective treatment for depression. They are recommended as a first-line treatment for depression according to the guidelines set by the American Psychiatric Association.

To learn more about how venlafaxine ER oral capsules performed in clinical trials, refer to the capsule's prescription information.

Venlafaxine ER oral capsule and Children

Venlafaxine ER oral capsules have not been approved for use in individuals under 18 years of age by the FDA.

There is evidence that venlafaxine may increase the risk of suicidal thoughts and actions in children. As a result, the FDA has issued a boxed warning regarding this side effect. This warning alerts both doctors and patients about potential harmful drug effects. To learn more about this side effect, review the "Venlafaxine ER oral capsule side effects" section above.

In rare cases, doctors may prescribe this medication off-label for certain children, but only if other treatments have proven to be ineffective.

How Venlafaxine ER oral capsule Works

Venlafaxine ER oral capsules are used to manage:

  • Generalized anxiety disorder
  • Social anxiety disorder
  • Panic disorder
  • Depression

What happens with depression, panic disorder, and anxiety disorders

Mental health conditions such as depression, panic disorder, and anxiety disorders are associated with an imbalance of certain chemicals in your brain. These chemicals, serotonin and norepinephrine, are called neurotransmitters.

Neurotransmitters play a crucial role in passing messages between your nerve cells. They are responsible for sending messages that affect your mood, emotions, perceptions, and behaviors.

What venlafaxine oral ER capsule does

Venlafaxine ER oral capsules belong to a group of medications called serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). SNRIs increase levels of serotonin and norepinephrine in your brain, which helps to restore the proper balance of nerve messages being sent in your brain. In turn, this improves symptoms associated with depression and anxiety disorders.

Venlafaxine ER oral capsules are an extended-release version of venlafaxine. These capsules release the medication gradually over the course of the day as they pass through your digestive system.

How long does it take to work?

Venlafaxine starts working shortly after your first dose. However, it may take 2 to 4 weeks for it to build up to a therapeutic level in your body and begin to effectively improve your condition.

It's extremely important to continue taking venlafaxine every day, even if you don't feel it is making much of a difference at first. But if you feel that your condition is getting worse, or you have any thoughts about suicide or harming yourself, contact your doctor immediately.

How long does it stay in your body?

Venlafaxine has a half-life of around 5 hours. The half-life of a drug describes how long it takes for your body to eliminate half of a single dose of the drug. Based on its half-life, venlafaxine stays in your body for approximately 1 day following consumption.

However, when your liver breaks down venlafaxine, it forms an active metabolite called O-desmethylvenlafaxine. (Active metabolites have the same effects as the original drug.) O-desmethylvenlafaxine has a half-life of approximately 11 hours. Consequently, O-desmethylvenlafaxine remains in your body for just over 2 days.

  • Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) medications like:
    • Escitalopram (Lexapro)
    • Fluoxetine (Prozac)
    • Paroxetine (Paxil)
    • Sertraline (Zoloft)
  • Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) antidepressants, excluding venlafaxine, such as:
    • Duloxetine (Cymbalta)
  • Tricyclic antidepressants such as:
    • Amitriptyline
    • Imipramine (Tofranil)
    • Nortriptyline (Pamelor)
  • Benzodiazepines like:
    • Alprazolam (Xanax)
    • Clonazepam (Klonopin)
    • Diazepam (Valium)
    • Lorazepam (Ativan)
  • Buspirone
  • Pregabalin (Lyrica)
    • Quetiapine (Seroquel)

Alternatives for social anxiety disorder

Potential medications to address social anxiety disorder could be:

  • SSRI antidepressants such as:
    • Citalopram (Celexa)
    • Escitalopram (Lexapro)
    • Fluoxetine (Prozac)
    • Fluvoxamine
    • Paroxetine (Paxil)
    • Sertraline (Zoloft)
  • Gabapentin (Neurontin)
  • Pregabalin (Lyrica)
  • Benzodiazepines such as:
    • Alprazolam (Xanax)
    • Clonazepam (Klonopin)

Alternatives for panic disorder

Possible medications to address panic disorder could be:

  • SSRI antidepressants such as:
    • Escitalopram (Lexapro)
    • Fluoxetine (Prozac)
    • Fluvoxamine
    • Paroxetine (Paxil)
    • Sertraline (Zoloft)
  • Tricyclic antidepressants such as:
    • Amitriptyline
    • Imipramine (Tofranil)
    • Nortriptyline (Pamelor)
  • Benzodiazepines such as:
    • Alprazolam (Xanax)
    • Clonazepam (Klonopin)
    • Lorazepam (Ativan)
  • Beta-blockers such as:
    • Propranolol

Alternatives for depression

Possible medications to address depression could be:

  • SNRI antidepressants, except for venlafaxine, such as:
    • Desvenlafaxine (Pristiq)
    • Duloxetine (Cymbalta)
    • Levomilnacipran (Fetzima)
  • SSRI antidepressants such as:
    • Paroxetine (Paxil)
    • Citalopram (Celexa)
    • Sertraline (Zoloft)
    • Escitalopram (Lexapro)
    • Vortioxetine (Trintellix)
  • Tricyclic antidepressants such as:
    • Amitriptyline
    • Imipramine (Tofranil)
    • Nortriptyline (Pamelor)
    • Clomipramine (Anafranil)
  • Other antidepressants such as:
    • Bupropion (Wellbutrin SR or XL)
    • Mirtazapine (Remeron)
    • Trazodone
    • Maprotiline
    • Vilazodone (Viibryd)

Venlafaxine ER oral capsule overdose

Exceeding the recommended dosage of Venlafaxine ER oral capsules can lead to severe side effects. It is best to adhere to your doctor's recommendations and never use more Venlafaxine than prescribed.

Overdose symptoms

Symptoms of an overdose of Venlafaxine ER oral capsules may include:

  • Drowsiness
  • Dizziness
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Tingling sensations or feeling of pins and needles in your arms and legs
  • Numbness in your hands and feet
  • Episodes of feeling hot or cold
  • Rapid or slow heart rate
  • Dilated pupils

What to do in case of overdose

If you suspect you've consumed an excessive amount of this medication, reach out to your doctor. Additionally, contact the American Association of Poison Control Centers at 800-222-1222 or utilize their online tool. However, if your symptoms are severe, contact 911 or your local emergency number or head to the nearest emergency room immediately.

Venlafaxine ER oral capsule and pregnancy

The safety of Venlafaxine ER oral capsules during pregnancy is uncertain as the medication has not been studied in pregnant individuals.

In animal studies, Venlafaxine caused fetal harm when administered to pregnant females. However, animal studies do not always predict human outcomes.

There have been reports of certain complications in newborns exposed to Venlafaxine during the third trimester. These complications may include:

  • Breathing problems
  • Feeding difficulties
  • Seizures
  • Problems regulating body temperature
  • Tremor
  • Irritability
  • Constant crying

If pregnancy-related depression isn't addressed, it might lead to significant issues for both the mother and the baby. Venlafaxine ER oral capsules are often used to manage depression.

If you're contemplating pregnancy or already pregnant, consult with your healthcare provider. They can provide details about the pros and cons of using venlafaxine during pregnancy.

Venlafaxine ER oral capsules and birth control

The safety of using venlafaxine ER oral capsules during pregnancy isn't fully understood. If you or your partner have the potential to conceive, discuss your birth control needs with your healthcare provider while using venlafaxine ER oral capsules.

For more information on using venlafaxine ER oral capsules during pregnancy, refer to the "Venlafaxine ER oral capsule and pregnancy" section above.

Venlafaxine ER oral capsules and breastfeeding

Venlafaxine ER oral capsules should not be consumed while breastfeeding. Venlafaxine is transferred to breast milk, which may result in side effects in the nursing baby.

If you're breastfeeding, consult with your healthcare provider about alternative methods to feed your baby while on venlafaxine ER oral capsules. If you're determined to continue breastfeeding, inquire about alternative medications that are safe for breastfeeding.

Venlafaxine ER oral capsule cost

Medication prices, including venlafaxine ER oral capsules, can fluctuate. The actual amount you pay depends on your insurance plan, your location, and the pharmacy you choose.

It's possible to obtain a 90-day supply of venlafaxine ER oral capsules, which may reduce your pharmacy visits and lower costs. Check with your doctor or insurance company to see if this option is available to you.

Your insurance company may require prior authorization before covering venlafaxine ER oral capsules. This means your doctor and insurance company need to communicate about your prescription before the medication is covered.

If you're uncertain about whether prior authorization is necessary for venlafaxine ER oral capsules, contact your insurance company.

Financial and insurance assistance

Financial aid to help cover venlafaxine ER oral capsule costs might be available.

The "Medicine Assistance Tool" and "NeedyMeds" websites offer resources that may help lower the cost of venlafaxine ER oral capsules. They also provide tools to help you find affordable healthcare and educational resources. Visit their websites for more information.

Mail-order pharmacies

Venlafaxine ER oral capsules may be obtainable through a mail-order pharmacy. Using this service can help lower the medication's cost and allow you to get it delivered to your home.

If recommended by your doctor, you may be able to receive a 90-day supply of venlafaxine ER oral capsules, reducing your concern about running out of the medication. If interested, check with your doctor and insurance company. Some Medicare plans may help cover the cost of mail-order medications.

If you don't have insurance, ask your doctor or pharmacist about online pharmacy options.

How to take venlafaxine ER oral capsules

Follow your healthcare provider's instructions for taking venlafaxine ER oral capsules.

When to take

Venlafaxine ER oral capsules should be taken once a day, either in the morning or evening. Try to maintain a consistent time for taking this medication.

To help remember your doses, consider using a medication reminder. This can include setting an alarm or timer on your phone, downloading a reminder app, or utilizing a kitchen timer.

Taking Venlafaxine ER oral capsules with food

Venlafaxine ER oral capsules should be taken with food.

Can Venlafaxine ER oral capsules be crushed, split, or chewed?

Venlafaxine ER oral capsules should not be crushed or chewed, as this could damage the drug's extended-release action.

Extended-release medications are designed to release medication gradually as they pass through the digestive system. This is different from immediate-release drugs, which release medication more rapidly.

If swallowing the capsules whole proves challenging, you can gently split them open and sprinkle the pellets onto a spoonful of applesauce. Swallow the mixture without chewing it. Avoid damaging the pellets' extended-release action by chewing them.

Follow up with a glass of water to ensure you've swallowed all the medication.

Venlafaxine ER oral capsule precautions

This medication comes with various precautions.

FDA warning: Suicidal thoughts and actions in young people

This medication has a boxed warning, the most severe warning from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Boxed warnings alert doctors and patients about potentially harmful drug effects.

Antidepressants, including venlafaxine ER oral capsules, can raise the risk of suicidal thoughts and actions in individuals younger than 25 years of age. This risk is higher during the first few months of treatment and after any dosage changes.

Venlafaxine ER oral capsules are not recommended for use in individuals younger than 18 years of age.

While under venlafaxine treatment, promptly discuss with your physician if you notice an escalation in your depressive or anxious symptoms. Additionally, share any feelings of agitation, restlessness, anger, or irritability with them. It's also crucial to report any unexpected or sudden shifts in your mood, thoughts, or behaviors.

Should you entertain thoughts about self-harm or suicide, inform your doctor immediately. In case of attempting self-harm or suicide, dial 911 or your local emergency number without delay. Parents or caregivers should be vigilant with adolescents on venlafaxine and promptly alert the physician if any concerns arise.

Additional considerations

Before initiating Venlafaxine ER oral capsules, engage in a conversation with your healthcare provider about your medical background. Venlafaxine ER oral capsules might not be suitable for you if you have specific medical conditions or other health factors. These considerations include:

  • Allergy issue. If you've experienced an allergic reaction to venlafaxine extended-release capsules or any of their components, you should refrain from using venlafaxine extended-release capsules. Also, avoid using them if you've had an allergic reaction to a similar antidepressant, such as desvenlafaxine（Pristiq）. Consult your doctor about alternative medications that may suit you better.
  • Kidney issues. Your kidneys play a role in eliminating venlafaxine from your body. If your kidneys are not functioning properly, venlafaxine can accumulate in your body, leading to an increased risk of side effects. In such cases, your doctor might prescribe a lower-than-usual dose of venlafaxine.
  • Liver issues. Your liver metabolizes venlafaxine to aid in its elimination from your body. If your liver is not functioning properly, venlafaxine can build up in your system, leading to an increased risk of side effects. In such cases, your doctor might prescribe a lower-than-usual dose of venlafaxine.
  • Bipolar disorder, mania, or hypomania history. If you or a close family member has a history of these mental health conditions, venlafaxine may not be safe for you. The drug might increase your risk of having a manic episode. Venlafaxine is not approved for treating depression in people with bipolar disorder. Before starting venlafaxine, discuss any mental health conditions you or your family members have had in the past with your doctor.
  • High blood pressure. Venlafaxine can increase your blood pressure. If you have high blood pressure, you may need to manage it with medication before starting venlafaxine. Your doctor will monitor your blood pressure regularly while you take venlafaxine. If your blood pressure increases, you may require treatment. If your blood pressure remains high, your doctor may lower your dose of venlafaxine or suggest an alternative antidepressant.
  • High cholesterol or triglycerides. Venlafaxine can raise your levels of cholesterol and other fats known as triglycerides. If you already have high levels of cholesterol or triglycerides, venlafaxine could exacerbate the issue. Your doctor may need to conduct regular blood tests to ensure your cholesterol and triglycerides levels do not spike excessively.
  • Heart disease. Venlafaxine can increase your blood pressure and cholesterol levels, which could worsen heart disease. Discuss any heart problems you've had in the past with your doctor. Your doctor will monitor your blood pressure during venlafaxine treatment.
  • Stroke history. Taking venlafaxine can elevate your blood pressure, which could heighten your risk of having a stroke if you've had one in the past. Your doctor will monitor your blood pressure during venlafaxine treatment.
  • Bleeding issues. Venlafaxine can enhance your risk of bleeding. If you have any bleeding problems, discuss this with your doctor to determine if venlafaxine is safe for you.
  • Epilepsy or other seizure disorders. Seizures have been reported in some individuals using venlafaxine. If you've had seizures in the past, consult your doctor about the safety of using venlafaxine. Inform your doctor if you experience an increase in seizures after starting venlafaxine.
  • Low sodium levels. Venlafaxine can occasionally cause a low level of sodium in your blood. If you already have low sodium levels, venlafaxine may exacerbate the issue. This side effect is more likely to occur in individuals aged 65 years and older and in individuals taking diuretic medications. If you're taking a diuretic or you've had issues with low sodium in the past, ask your doctor if venlafaxine is right for you. If your sodium level drops too low while you take venlafaxine, you may need to discontinue the drug.
  • Pregnancy. The safety of using venlafaxine during pregnancy is unclear. For more information, see the "Venlafaxine extended-release capsule and pregnancy" section above.
  • Breastfeeding. You should not breastfeed while taking venlafaxine. For more information, see the "Venlafaxine extended-release capsule and breastfeeding" section above.

Note: For more information about potential negative effects of venlafaxine extended-release capsules, see the "Venlafaxine extended-release capsule side effects" section above.

Venlafaxine extended-release capsule expiration, storage, and disposal

When you obtain venlafaxine extended-release capsules from the pharmacy, the pharmacist will affix an expiration date to the label on the bottle. This date is typically 1 year from the date they dispensed the medication.

The expiration date ensures that the medication remains effective during this period. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommends avoiding the use of expired medications. If you have unused medication that has expired, consult your pharmacist about whether you can still use it.

The longevity of a medication can be influenced by various factors, among them being the method and location of storage.

Venlafaxine ER oral capsules ought to be stored at standard room temperature, secured in a tightly sealed container, away from light sources. Avoid storing this medication in zones that are susceptible to moisture, such as bathrooms.

Disposal

If you no longer require taking Venlafaxine ER oral capsules and have surplus medication, it's crucial to dispose of it securely. This practice safeguards others, particularly children and pets, from unintentionally ingesting the drug. Additionally, it shields the environment from potential harm.

This article offers valuable suggestions on how to discard medications properly. You can also contact your pharmacist for guidance on disposing of your medication.

Disclaimer:Medical News Today has made every effort to ensure that all information is accurate, comprehensive, and up-to-date. However, this article should not be substituted for the expertise and knowledge of a licensed healthcare professional. Always consult your doctor or another healthcare professional before using any medication. The drug information provided is subject to change and is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, warnings, drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects. The lack of warnings or other information for a specific drug does not imply that the drug or drug combination is safe, effective, or appropriate for all patients or all specific uses.

In the context of antidepressants and their potential side effects, here are two sentences that contain the word 'anthrax':

  • It's important to note that serious side effects associated with venlafaxine ER oral capsules, such as serotonin syndrome, are infrequent and unlike anthrax, which is a life-threatening bacterial infection.
  • In extremely rare cases, some antidepressants, including venlafaxine, have been linked to an increased risk of developing an autoimmune disorder known as Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, which shares similar symptoms with an anthrax infection.

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